Hi friends, here is the Indian Constitution Important Points and Notes. Constitution of India is a very Important topic for all competitive examinations in India. Not only for direct exams even for Departmental Promotion Exams, this is a must study topic. That is why the same has been included in the syllabus for Inspector Posts Exam (IPO Exam), Postal Service Group ‘B’ Exam (PS Gr.B Exam), AAO Exam and other LGO Exams. Here we present before you the important points and Notes on Indian Constitution.
Indian Constitution Important Points and Notes
- There are 448 articles in the Indian Constitution (originally 395 articles).
- 448 articles are divided in 25 parts, 12 schedules, 5 appendices with more than 100 amendments in the Indian Constitution.
- 25 parts of the Constitution are divided as below. Important articles relating to each Part also mentioned against each.
| Parts of the Indian Constitution | Subject Mentioned in the Part | Articles in Indian Constitution |
| Part I | Union & Its Territory | Article 1-4 |
| Part II | Citizenship | Article 5-11 |
| Part III | Fundamental Rights | Article 12-35 |
| Part IV | Directive Principles | Article 36-51 |
| Part IV A | Fundamental Duties | Article 51A |
| Part V | The Union | Article 52-151 |
| Part VI | The States | Article 152-237 |
| Part VII | Note: 7th Amendment Act, 1956 repealed Part 7 | – |
| Part VIII | The Union Territories | Article 239-242 |
| Part IX | The Panchayats | Article 243-243O |
| Part IX A | The Municipalities | Article 243P-243ZG |
| Part IX B | Co-operative Societies | Article 243ZH-243ZT |
| Part X | Scheduled and Tribal Areas | Article 244-244A |
| Part XI | Relation between Union & States | Article 245-263 |
| Part XII | Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits | Article 264-300A |
| Part XIII | Trade, Commerce and Intercourse within the territory of India | Article 301-307 |
| Part XIV | Services under the Union and States | Article 308-323 |
| Part XIV A | Tribunals | Article 323A-323B |
| Part XV | Elections | Article 324-329A |
| Part XVI | Special Provisions relating to certain classes | Article 330-342 |
| Part XVII | Official Languages | Article 343-351 |
| Part XVIII | Emergency Provisions | Article 352-360 |
| Part XIX | Miscellaneous | Article 361-367 |
| Part XX | Amendment of the Constitution | Article 368 |
| Part XXI | Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions | Article 369-392 |
| Part XXII | Short title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi and Repeals | Article 393-395 |
- Important Articles in the Indian Constitution is as follows.
- Article 1 – Name and territory of the union.
- Article 2 – Admission and establishment of the new state.
- Article 3 – Formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries, and name of existing states.
- Article 5 – Citizenship at the commencement of the constitution.
- Article 6 – Rights of citizenship of a certain person who has migrated to India from Pakistan.
- Article 10 – Continuance of rights of citizenship.
- Article 11 – Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law.
- Article 12 – Definition of the state.
- Article 13 – Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights.
Initially, the Constitution of India provided 7 basic fundamental rights, now there are only 6. The Right to property U/A 31 was removed from the list of fundamental rights by 44th amendment act 1978. A legal right U/A 300–A was made and included in Part XII of the constitution.
- Article 14 – Equality before the law.
- Article 15 – Prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.
- Article 16 – Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.
- Article 17 – Abolition of the untouchability.
- Article 18 – Abolition of titles
- Article 19 – Guarantees to all the citizens the six rights and they are:
1 – Freedom of speech and expression.
2 – Freedom to assemble peaceably and without arms.
3 – Freedom to form associations or unions.
4 – Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India.
5 – Freedom to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India.
6 – Omitted
7 – Freedom to practice any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade or business.
- Article 20 – Protection in respect of conviction for offences.
- Article 21 – Protection of life and personal liberty.
- Article 22 – Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.
- Article 23 – Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour.
- Article 24 – Prohibition of employment of children (Under the age of 14) in factories and mines
- Article 25 – Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion.
- Article 26 – Freedom to manage religious affairs.
- Article 27 – Freedom as to pay taxes for promotion of any particular religion.
- Article 28 – Freedom from attending religious instruction.
- Article 29 – Protection of interest of minorities.
- Article 30 – Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions.
- Article 32 – Remedies for enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
Part IV – Directive Principles of States Policy
- Article 36 – Definition
- Article 37– Application of DPSP
- Article 39A – Equal justice and free legal aid
- Article 40 – Organization of a village panchayat
- Article 41 – Right to work, to education, and to public assistance in certain cases
- Article 43 – Living Wages, etc. for workers.
- Article 43A – Participation of workers in the management of industries.
- Article 44 – Uniform civil code. ( applicable in Goa only)
- Article 45 – Provision for free and compulsory education for children.
- Article 46 – Promotion of educational and economic interest of scheduled castes (SC), scheduled tribes (ST), and OBC.
- Article 47– Duty of the state to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health.
- Article 48 – Organization of agriculture and animal husbandry.
- Article 49 – Protection of monuments and places and objects of natural importance.
- Article 50 – Separation of judiciary from the executive.
- Article 51 – Promotion of international peace and security.
(To be Continued…keep visiting)